The Relay Module 5V x 4 Relay w/ Opto-isolation has four independent 5V logic compatible relays that control up to 125/250VAC@10A or up to 15VDC@10A each.

PACKAGE INCLUDES:
Relay Module 5V x 4 Relay w/ Opto-isolation
KEY FEATURES OF RELAY MODULE 5V X 4 RELAY W/ OPTO-ISOLATION:
4 independently controlled relays
Switch AC up to 125/250VAC @ 10A
Switch DC up to 15VDC @ 10A
Normally Open (NO) and Normally Closed (NC) contacts
LED indicators when relays are energized
5V logic compatible
Relay modules are handy for controlling external loads. Unlike transistors used for switching, relays use metallic switch contacts which avoids the power loss and heating inherent in transistor switching circuits. They are also nicely contained little modules that are simple to hook-up and are especially useful for switching AC. The main downside to relays is that being an electro-mechanical device, like any mechanical switch relays are more prone to wear and tear over prolonged use.

Module Control
These relays are fully 5V logic compatible. The inputs have a relay driver transistor and opto-isolator built-in which means the device needs < 5 mA on the logic control pin to drive it. If you have a uC like an Arduino, you can drive the relays using any of the digital output pins.

The relays are activated with a logic LOW signal. There is a red LED that is lit when the control pin for that relay is driven low to activate the relay. When the relay is activated an audible click will be heard. A logic HIGH deactivates the relay and the LED will go off.

Opto-Isolation
The board includes opto-isolators on the logic inputs.

Opto-isolators provide complete electrical isolation between the logic control input and the relay power as an added layer of protection in case of a lighting strike or some other kind of major failure on the AC load of the relay.

As-shipped, the module has a jumper between header pins JD-VCC and VCC (relay power is jumpered to logic power). This bypasses the opto-isolation circuit as it ties the relay power to the logic power, but it makes the device easier to use since just one power supply needs to be connected to the module.

If it is desired to enable opto-isolation, remove the jumper and provide a separate 5V power supply voltage to the JD-VCC and GND pins on that connector.

Module Power
The module requires 5V power and Gnd to operate. If opto-isolation is used, it will require two different 5V power sources.

The ground must be common with the uC. Flyback diodes are included on the module in parallel with the relay coils to safely shunt current when the relay coil is de-energized.

When a relay is energized, the module draws about 70mA from the Vcc pin. With all four relays energized, the draw is about 280mA.

Relay Operation
The output of the relay is rated to switch up to 30VDC at 10A per the relay markings (see our notes below) or up to 125/250VAC at up to 10A.

The output is SPDT type with both a NO (Normally Open) terminal and a NC (Normally Closed) terminal relative to the center unmarked common (COM) terminal. A logic LOW energizes the relay, so the NO–COM contact is closed and the NC-COM contact is open. A logic HIGH or no input de-energizes the relay and the NO-COM contact is open and the NC-COM contact is closed.

Module Connections
1 x 6 Header

GND = Connect to ground of the 5V power supply
IN1 = Relay control input 1. Logic LOW level energizes relay 1
IN2 = Relay control input 2. Logic LOW level energizes relay 2
IN3 = Relay control input 3. Logic LOW level energizes relay 3
IN4 = Relay control input 4. Logic LOW level energizes relay 4
Vcc = Connect to 5V power supply
Relay Contacts

NC = Normally Closed side of the relay
Center Terminal = Common terminal usually connects to the load power source
NO = Normally Open side of the relay
1×2 Header

JD-VCC = Opto-isolator power input. Jumper to Vcc to run off same power supply as the logic (default mode). If opto-isolation is desired, remove jumper and apply a separate 5V supply to this pin.
Vcc = Same as Vcc on the 1×6 header